Mining apparatus



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, E. C. MORGAN MINING APPARATUS original Filed Jan. 14, 191e 9sheets-sheet' 9 ,Fmung (fjyyn @mn-MA Patented Apr. l5, 192.4.

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EDMUND C. MOB-GAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.; OLIVE EUGENIE MOR-GAN EXEGUTBIXOF SAIE EDMND C. MGRGAN, DECEASED.

MNNG APEARATUS.

Application nled January 1.4, 1916, Serial No. 72,044. 'Renewed October7, 1920. Serial No. 415,276.

T o al?. whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, EDMUND C. MORGAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county oi: New York and State ci New York,have invented certain new and useful improvements in Mining Apparatus,oi which the 'following is a speciiication.

rl'his invention relates to improvements in mining machines andaccessory apparatus, and has for its object, the provision of apparatusof this character, which shall be of novel and improved construction andwhich shall facilitate mining operations.

rFhe invention is exemplified in the combination Vand arrangement ofparts illustrated in the accompanying drawings, an described in thefollowing specification, an is more particularly pointed out in theappended claims. In the drawings,-

Fig. 1, is a section through the face or wall of a vein of coal showingone itorm of mining machine constituting a part of the present inventionin operative position.

Fig. 2, is a side elevation ot the machine shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3, is a section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4, is a top plan View of the machine shown in the various iigures,but, with the cutter head removed.

Fig. 5, is a Jfragmentary view substantially on line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6, is a rear elevational view of the rotary cutter head forming apart of the present invention with the cutter fra-me in horizontalposition.

Fig. 7, is a transversed sectional view on line 7-7 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8, is a transversed sectional view on line 8-3 of Fig. 6. y

Fig. 9, is a transversed sectional view on line 9-9 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 10, is a longitudinal sectional view o the cutter head taken on theplane of division of the casing.

Fig. 1, is a sectional view of a mine chamber showing the mining machineforming a part of this invention in its relation to the accessoryapparatus.

Fig. 12, is a View similar to Fig. 11, but, showing a slightly modifiedorm of mining machine and accessory apparatus.

Fig. 13, is a diagrammatic plan view of a portion ot a coal mine showingthe conveyor system used in connection with the present invention.

Fig. 14, is a diagrammatic vertical sectional view ot a portion of amine showing the relation of the various parts ot the apparatuscomprised in the present invention.

Fig. 15, is a diagrammatic plan view o the layout of a mine in which theapparatus embodying the present invention is used.

The construction ot they machine comprised in the present invention,will best be understood by reference to Figs. 1 to 10 inclusive of thedrawings. As best shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the main trame of themachine, is of general rectangular form and in operating position, isplaced with one lateral surface toward the face of the material to beoperated upon. The trame is provide with uprights 1 and 2 at oppositeends thereof, the uprights being connected at the bottom and top bymembers 3 and 4 respectively, extending longitudinally of the frame.Extending to the front and rear of the members 3 and 4, are supportingbrackets 5, there being two brackets at each end of the machine. Eachpair of brackets 5, is provided with a roller 6, which form the mainsupport :tor the machine. The rollers 6, are provided with axels 7journaled in the brackets 5. Extending laterally from the inner faces ofthe uprights 1 and 2, on the side of the frame toward the wall fromwhich the coal is being severed, are two guard plates 8 and 9, therebeing one plate at each end of the machine. These plates, as shown inFigs. 1 and 3, are shaped at their lower edges to conform to the shapeof the wall from which the material is being removed and are integral attheir lower edges with the longitudinal extending member 3. The upperlongitudinal extending member 4, is secured to the upright-s 1 and 2, bylag screws 10, and is provided with a horizontal plattorm or sheli` 11,on which a motor 12, for operating the mining machine is mounted.Extending outwardly from each of the uprights 1 and 2, are bracketVmembers 13, which carry internally threaded sleeves 14, shown best inFigs. 1, 2 and 4. The sleeves 14, are provided with screws 15, andpointed extensions 16 at the upper ends. Hand wheels 17, are rigidlysecured to the extensions 16 for operating the screws 15 in the sleeves14, tovtorce the extensions upwardly into contact with the root of amine for holding the machine frame rigidly in an upright position.

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The uprights 1 and 2, as shown best in Figs. 1, 4 and 5, are eachprovided with vertical slideways 18. A bar 19, extending longitudinallyoi the machine frame, is provided at each end with a slide 20, whichtits over the slideways 18 and is guided for vertical movement thereon.The bar 19, is provided at the central portion thereof, with a lug` 21,which extends laterally relative to the main trame ot' the machine intoa position directly below a corresponding lug 22, secured to the upperedge ot the plate 4, Figs. 3 and 5. The lug` 2.1, is threaded to receivea screw 23, which passes freely through an opening' in the lue' andwhich is provided at its upper end with a head 24 and a hand wheel 25,for rotating the screw to adjust the bar 19 vertically on the uprights 1and 2. The slides 20, have rigidly secured thereto, a pair of brackets26 and 27 respectively. These brackets extend lrom the side ot themachine toward the wall of material to be mined, and are provided attheir outer extremities with bearing' rings 28. These rings formvertically adjustable journal supports tor a cutter head 30 to bedescribed, and are movable up and down, by the rotation of the handwheel 25.

he construction of the cutter head 30 itself, will best be understood,by reference to Figs. 6 to lO inclusive. The main body et' the cutterhead consists of upper and lower casing sections 31 and 32 respectively,which are secured together by bolts 33, to form a hollow cylindricalcasing or axel, which is supported for rotation in the bearing' rings 23an which encloses the operating mechanism for a chain cutter 34. Thehollow axel made up of the sections 31 and 32, is not mounted directlyin the bearing rings 28, but, is slidably secured at its opposite endsto bearing members 35 and 36 respectively. These members 35 and'36, areprovided with bearing surfaces 37 and 38 respectiyely, which are mountedfor rotation in the bearingd rings 28. On the sides of the bearingmembers 35 and 36 and opposite the bearing' surfaces 37 and 38, aresecured supporting members 40, having grooves 41, on which the hollowaxel is supported for sliding movement to adjust its central axisrelative to the axis ot rotation of the and 10, extend some distance oneach side of the hollow axel to eral adjustment of the axel relative tothe center line ot' the journals 28. The hollow axel is slidably securedto the supporting members 40 by plates 42, there being one plate securedto each end of the members 31 and 32. Each of the plates 42, is providedwith a Harige or guideway 45, which flanges tit in the ,grooves 41 ofthe supporting members 40. The plates 42, are secured to the ends of themembers 31 and 32, by lap; screws 4G, as shown in Figs. 6 and 9. By thisconstruction, bearing discs havinga common fixed axis of rotation, arejournaled in the bearing,- rings 23, and the main portion of the cutterhead is slidably supported by the inner faces et these discs in a mannerto permit lateral movement of the central axis of the head relative tothe axis oit rotation ot the discs.

The shitting of the cutter head casing relative to the supporting discs,is accomplished by means of a. rack and pinion construction, best shownin Figs. 9 and 10. The

pro-

end of the shaft 50, which extends longitudinally of the critter' headframe, and which is journaled in bearings 51 carried in the frame.Secured to the shaft 51, inter mediate the ends thereof and within theopening in the interior of the cutter head casing, is a worm wheel 52,which meshes with a worm 53, journaled in bearing lugs 54, secured tothe interior of the cutter head casing, as best shown in Fig. 3. Asshown in this ligure, the wall of the cutter head casing, is providedwith a recess 55, into which a square head 56 of the worm shaft 5Textends. To adjust the critter head casin relative to the axis ofrotation, a detachable hand crank is iitted to the square head of theshaft 57, and the worm 53 is rotated to drive the worm wheel 52 and thehatt 50. This rotates the pinions 49, in mesh with the racks 48, andcauses the cutter head casing to be shifted relative to the axis ofrotation of the bearing members 35 and 36. This shitting of the cutterhead casing moves the cutter chain 34 and its supporting' frame 60relative to the axis of rotation of the cutter head, tive radial lengthof the cutter frame, to adjust the size ot the cut made by the chain. Inworking in a comparatively low vein where the cuts like those designatedby the broken lines a., in F ig. l, have a comparatively short radius,the cutter head 30 and the cutter frame G0 attached thereto, are movedbaclwardly relative to the axis of rotation of the cutter head, so thatthe ettective radius arm of the cutter frame is comparatively short. Atthe same time, the supporting brackets 26 for the cutter head, are moveddownwardly by rotation of the hand wheel 25 and screw 23, to bring theextremity of the cutter frame when swung to its lowermost position on a.level with the lower portion of the supporting rollers 6. In this way,the extreme upper reach of the cutter ar is moved downwardly a distanceequal to the combined movement of the supports 26 on the main frame andof the cutter bar 60 relative to the axis of rotation or the ineogseecutter head. f the machine is working in a comparatively thick vein, thecutter bar 60 is moved outwardly relative to the axis of rotation of thecutter head, and at the same time the supports 26 are moved upwardly onthe main frame, so that in operation, the extremity of the cutter barwill move through arcs, indicated by the broken lines b, in Fig. l. Anintermediate position is indicated by the full lines in this figure. Theinner ends of the cutter bar 60, are held in place relative to the uppersection 3l of the hollow cylindrical axelby the plates 42, which clampthe bar rigidly against the ends of the section 3l, as shown in Figs. 6and 8.

The cutter head 30, is rotated in its bearings 28, by means of a groovedpulley 61, secured to the bearing disc 38 outside of the bearing ring28, as shown in Fig. 10, by lag screws 62 passing through the pulleyinto the bearing disc. The pulley 6l is thus rigidly secured to thebearing disc, and at the same time forms a stop for enclosing thebearing ring 28 and holding the cutter head from longitudinal movementrelative to the ring. rJhe pulley 6l, is provided with a peripheralgroove 63 to accommodate a cable 64, 1Eigs. l and 2, which is carried toa drum 65, on which it is wound. rlhe cable 64, has one end secured tothe pulley 6l in such a position that the cable is wound oncesubstantially entirely around the pulley, when the cutter frame 60, isin its lowermost position. lt will be apparent that tension upon thecable due to rotation of the drum 65, will cause the pulley 61 to rotatein a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. l, moving with it thecutter frame 60 for making a cut in the face of the vein of material tobe mined.

The drum 65,- is driven from the motor 12, through a system of reductiongearing enclosed in the casing 66 which gearing drives the shaft 67 at areduced speed. The shaft 67, is geared to the shaft which carries thedrum 65, by spur gearing enclosed inthe casing 68. rl`he connectionbetween the shaft 67 and the drum 65, is controlled. by a clutch 69,operated by a handle 76, carried on the face of the gear casing 68, asshown in Figs. l and 2.

The motor T5, for driving the cutter chain 34, as shown in Fig. 10, isjournaled in transversely extending walls T 6 and 77, which form acentral enclosed chamber in a hollow axel for the cutter head, in whichchamber the motor operates. The shaft 50, which passes through the motorchamber, is preferably made of a non-magnetic metal, such as phosphorbronze, so that it will not intertere with the magnetic field of themotor. T he motor shaft 78, extends through the wall TT, and providedwith a pinion 79, which ieshes with a gear 80, secured to a stubshaftmounted for rotation in the wall 82 of the cutter head casing, andwhich drives a which drives a sprocket on a transversely extending shaftS5. A chain 34, passes over the sprocket wheel S4, and is thus driventhrough the connecting gearing by the motor 75, to .lorni the kerf inthe material as the cutter frame 69 is fed forwardly therein. The innellrun of the chain 34, is guided along the slideway 86, extendinglongitudinally of the cutter head casing, and at the end of the cutterhead opposite the sprocket wheel S4, is an arcuate curved guideway Si",which guides the chain around the angular turn at that end of the cutterhead. A similar guide 88, is provided at the end of the cutter headadjacent the sprocket wheel 84, to guide the chain onto the wheel. rlhemovement of the chain 34, is controlled by the motor controller, whichmay be located in any suitable position on the frame of the mining machine.

As shown in Figs. l and 3, the cutter chain 34, severs a crescent-shapedsection of material from the face of the vein as the frame 60 is swungupwardly about its axis of rotation. ln order to remove the severedmaterial to a position from which it may be transported from the mine, aseries of cables 96, have their ends secured to the rear edge of theouter bar of the cutter frame 60, and are drawn intothe kerf formed bythe chain 34, as the cutter frame is swung up wardly about its axis. Theopposite ends of the cables 96, are secured to an elongated drum 91,which is mounted on a shaft 92, extending longitudinally of the mainframe near the lower portion thereof, and journaled for rotation inbearings 93 and 94. The shaft 92, is free to slide longitudinally in thebearing 93, but, is provided with threads 95, which mesh withcorresponding threads in the bearing 94. As the shaft 92 is rotated, itwill be seen that it will also be fed longitudinally in its bearings bythe threads 95. The pitch of these threads, is made to correspond withthe diameter of the cables 96, so that as the cables 90 are wound uponthe drum 91, the drum will be'moved longitudinally a proper amount tomaintain the portion of the cable being paid onto or olf the drum in aconstant fixed position relative to the machine frame and to the cutterframe. The shaft 92, is driven by a sprocket chain S6, which drives asprocket wheel splined to the shaft 92, and which is driven by asprocket wheel on the shaft 67, arranged to be clutched thereto by aclutch 98, operated by a lever 99, as'shown in Figs. 2 and 4. As thecutter frame 66, is fed upwardly, the shaft 92, is permitted to rotatefreely in'its bearings 93 and 94, to pay out the cables 90, as they aredrawn onto the kerf formed by the cutter. Ylhen the cutter frame hascompletely severed a section of material from the mine wall, the severedmaterial will bevel pinion 83, wheel S4, carried lli be received by thecables 90, which together form in effect a sling for receiving thematerial. The material `will usually break up and tall downwardlysomewhat by its own Weight, as indicated in Fig. 3. F rom this position,it is drawn baclrvvardly over the plate 3 and drum 91, by rotating thedrum to Wind the cables 90 thereon bythe mechanism described to insurethe movement of the severed material With the cables. A. plate 100, Fig.3, is pivoted to the rear portion of the outer bar of the cutter frame60, and has a limited movement in a clockwise direction about its pivot,as shown in that ligure, As the cables are Wound upon the drum, thisplate 100, will be drawn into contact with the severed material and willmove the material With it and discharge it over the top of the drum 91onto transporting mechanism to be described. The plate 100, is slightlycurved and is free to swing into a position to be drawn into the lrcrtby the cutter frame during the cutting operation, as indicated inFig. 1. During the return movement, the cable 64, is permitted to unwindfrom the drum 65, to permit the cutter .trame 00, to be returned to itsoriginal position.

In the operation of the machine, cuts are made in succession along theface of the vein one after another, the machine being adjusted along thetace a distance equal to the Width of a cut after each operation.

ecause of this mode of working, one edge of each section of severedmaterial is always left exposed, and it is necessary to provide meansfor preventing the material from falling ed' the rope sling at thisedge. To accomplish this purpose, sheet metal shields 101 and 102, areprovided, one at each end of theinachine frame. rl`hese shields, attheir edges are curved to conform to the curvature of the cut made bythe loop cutter and are journaled at one of their ends on pivot pins 103and 104 respectively, extending outwardly from the plates 8 and 9. Eachof the guard plates, are provided with openings 105 and 106. The plates8 and 9, are also provided with openings at their outer ends arranged toregister with the openings in the pivoted guard plates, and bolts 107,are provided to pass through the registering openings and hold the guardplates in either of two positions, as indicated in Fig. 1 The guardplate on the end of the machine toward Which the machine is moved aftereach cut, is secured in its upper position by passing the bolt 107through the lower hole 105, While the plate on the opposite end of themachine is secured in its lower position so that its curved edge willsubstantially conform to the curvature of the cut being made, and sothat the plate will enclose the exposed surface of the cut and preventthe material from Leeoee escaping :from the rope sling. To change guardplates from one position to the other, it will be necessary to removethe bolt 107, and slide the pivoted plate along the pin 103, so that inits upper position it will free the end el the cutter head 30, While inits lower position it will be held .firmly in line With an arm. of thecutter frame 60. The pivot pins 103 and 10x1, are made of sufficientlength to permit this movement ot the pivoted guard plateslongitudinally thereof. Eaclro'l the pivotcd guard plates, is providedwith a shoe 110, which is fastened to the periphery thereof in positionto bear upon the mine floor when the plate is secured in its loivermostposition. lThis gives added point of support to the ma chine and assistsin counteracting the pres sure produced by the feeding movement ot thecutter frame.

For the purpose oit' moving the machine along the face of the vein aftereach cut has been made, a motor 112 is mounted on one end of the machineframe, as shown best in Figs. 2 and 1i. This motor is geared to a drum113, which carries a cable 11111, arranged to be wound thereon. Thecable 114C, may be carried in either direction from the Winding drum andmay be secured at its end to any lined object. By Winding the cable onthe rum 113, the machine may be moved in either direction along the faceol the Wall, depending of course, on the direction in which the cable11eL extends from the drum.

lt should be noted that the rollers 6 are in alinement with each other,as shown in Fig. 2, in an upright plane which extends along the mineWall and through the supporting frame and the rooic jacks. The movementlof the supporting frame along the mine Wall is therefore along amonopath as illustrated in Fig. 11 or along a mono-rail g as illustratedin Fim 12, in that one of the rails of the usual track is dispensedwith. As shown in Figs. 11 and 12, the core cutting mechanism is fed inplanes which are substantially perpendicular to the upright plane whichextends through the rollers, the supporting frame, and the roof jack.Such feeding movement of the core cutting mechanism transversely of thenarrow frame, enables the core to be dislodged, as shown in Fig. 3, formovement through the rectangular opening in the supporting frame shownin Fig. 2, directly onto the endless travelling conveyer la. Byproviding a supporting frame comparatively narrow in a directionextending transversely back from the mine Wall, l am enabled to placethe endless conveyer it closer to the Wall being operated on andconsequently the roof props may be made less in strength and less innumber because of the decreased tendency .inst the edUe of the )fixedguard late and for the roof to fall as the solid pillars are approachedfrom the space which has been mined, as illustrated in Fig. 15.

Attention is also calledto the fact that in Fig. 12, the roof propscarry sections of the mono-rail g which sections can be moved forwardlytonew locations, as illustrated in Fig. 15 whenever the core cuttingmechanism has cut a core and the frame carrying such cutting mechanismis moved along the mine wall to a new location. When the last core hasbeen cut across the rear end of the coal pillar, as illustrated in Fig.15, the section g of the mono-rail may be moved forward together withwhen all of the sections of the be in lateral alinement for movement ofthe mining machine step by step along the mine wall in the oppositedirection. The lower plates 72 of the roof props, in addil tion tocarrying the mono-rail sections Q, also carry the endless conveyer ,7Gwhich, when the last mono-rail section i mono-rail will moved forwardfor starting the cutting of a section across the mine pillar in theopposite direction, may be shifted along the sup porting plate p to aposition adjacent the mono-path of travel of the frame. 1fn the sainemanner that the rail sections are placed in alinement with each other,the grooves at the under side of the forward end of the roof prop platen are moved forward to occupy positions in alinement with each other toreceive the upper ends n of the roof jacks mounted in spaced apartpositions on the frame, as shown in Figs. 2 and 12.

To prevent portions of the material which may be severed from the upperextremity of the cut fror falling onto parts of the machine which areliable to breakage, a shield 115, Figs. 1 and 4, is carried by braces116 and 11i', extending upwardly from the vertically adjustable supportfor the cutterv head. rl`his shield is so positioned, that it willintercept portions of material that may fall from the upper extremity ofthe cut and direct them onto the hollow axel ofthe cutter head andthence into the rope sling for receiving the severed material.

lll/*lille the machine described may be used in connection with any ofthe well known devices for transporting` coal from a mine, in order tosecure the greatest advantages of the machine, the inventioncontemplates its use in combination with a system of conveyors, shown in11 to 15 inclusive. its shown in Fig. 15, the mine is laid off insections by entries c, and cross entries (Z, leaving intermediatepillars of coal e. lt is desirable to remove the coal from two pillars esimultaneously by a pair of machines working in conjunction wi h oneanother, as indicated at in 15. A track g,

the mining machineY may be laid in the entry d, between the two pillarsbeing worked, and at the end of the track a conveyor h is placed whichforms an extension feeder to the track proper. rl'his conveyor h, isgiven a slight inclination, as shown in f ig. 1&1, so that it maydischarge material from one end into a car c', running on the track g.rlhe end of the conveyor h, opposite the discharge end, rests upon thesurface of the mine chamber in position to receive material from twolaterally extending conveyors 7c and Z, which extend the full length ofthe end face of the pillars e, as indicated in Fig. 13. These conveyorslmay ybe driven by any suitable and well known power device, not shown inthe drawing, an it is desirable to arrange the driving4 mechanism forthe conveyorslc and Z, so that they may be driven in either direction.The roof of the mine adjacent the surface of the vein being worked, issupported by a series of props m, as shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13. Theseprops, are provided at their upper eXtremity with laterally extendingarms n, and at their lower extremity with similar arms p. The lower armsp, extend toward the face of the vein being worked into a positionadjacent that occupied by the mining machine and theJ conveyors 7s andZ, are made to rest upon these arms. After the machine progresses alongthe face of the vein apast a given prop m, that prop is moved toward theface of the vein, as indicated at m', in Figs. 11, 12 and 15. rllhe armsp, are of sufficient length to support the conveyor, whether the propslml are in the position shown in full lines, or in the advanced positionshown in broken lines, in Fig. 11. As the props are moved forward, theroof of the mine from which they are moved, is left unsupported to fallfrom the weight of the superimposed material. Fig. 12, shows a slightlymodified form of construction, in which the arms p, are provided withribs g, which when a series of props are placed side by side, form atrack on which the mining machine is supported. Where this form of propis used, the roller 6 of the mining machine, will be modified tocorrespond with the track on which it runs. The upper arms p, may alsobe provided with grooves n to receive the upper end of the ertension bar16 for holding 'the machine in upright position.

ln operation, the machines are preferably worked in pairs, as indicatedin Fig. 15, each machine severing material from the face of the vein atcorresponding positions in adjacent pillars e. Aft-er each cut made byone of the machines, it is moved along the face of the vein intoposition to make the next cut. ln this way for each passage of themachine across the face of the vein,

' a stratum of undesirable material, it 85 l) it severs a section ofmaterial crescentshaped in cross section from the entire length of theface being Worked. As the material is severed from the face of the vein,it is discharged from the machine onto the conveyor which is properlypositioned to receive and transport the severed material. The twoconveyors which receive the material from the two machines working inconjunction with one another, carry this material to the main conveyorpositioned in the entry between the two sections of the mine beingworked, Where it is received from the contributory conveyor onto themain conveyor and carried upwardly and discharged onto a car, by meansit is transported from the mine. chines are operated to sever materialas they are moved in either direction, the only changes necessary forreversing the operation being the adjustment of guard plates 101 and102, and the change of the direction of the cable 114 for moving theInachine. As the machines progress along the face of the vein, the propsare moved forwardly in succession, and after the mas chines have movedcompletely across the face, the conveyors are all shifting forwardlyinto position for the nextseries of cuts. It is clear, of course, thatany number of machines desired, may be used in conjunction with oneanother.

If a vein of coal is encountered Which has may e found advantageous tooperate one of the mining machines constituting a part of the presentinvention in conjunction with any machine of Well lrnown constructionfor making a horizontal lrerf in the mine wall. One of the machines,shown in Fig. l5, will be replaced by such a cutting device, which willbe employed to remove the undesirable material, Which will be dischargedonto one of the conveyors 7c or Z, which will be operated in reverseddirection to carry the undesirable material to the outer entry d, whilethe other conveyor material severed by the mining machine to the middleentry, where it is loaded and transported from the mine. The undesirablematerial may be deposited in the outer entry and left to be covered bythe falling of the mine roof.

What I claim as new and desired to secure by Letters Patent of UnitedStates is In a mining machine, the combination with a comparativelynarrow upright supporting frame in an upright plane extendinglongitudinally of the mine Wall, loop chain core cutting mechanismhaving an unobstructed core opening therethrough and carried at one ofthe lateral faces of said frame on a substantially horizontal axis forfeeding movement to approximately 1800, means for operating said corecutting mecha- Lacasse nism including upright feed thereof on suchhorizontal axis to cut a crescent-shaped mass of material from the minewall, and means for discharging at the other lateral face of said framematerial of the cut core in comparatively large pieces.

J. In a mining machine, the combination with a comparatively narrowupright frame adapted to entend along a mine Wall while spacedtherefrom, said frame having an unobstructed core opening extending'transversely therethrough from the mine wall rearwardly, cuttingmechanism carried by said frame and extending therefrom toward the mineWall, and means for discharging the dislodged material through theopening in said frame to the lateral face thereof opposite the cuttingmechanism.

3. In a mining machine, the combination with cutting mechanism, of meansfor operating said cutting mechanism, means for transferring the cutmaterial back from the mechanism at one side thereof` and having anunobstructed opening therethrough for the passage of transferredmaterial, said upright frame being comparatively narrow in the directionof transfer of such material.

In a mining machine comprising a narrow upright supporting frame adaptedto be spaced from the wall, dislodging mechanism mounted on said framefor support thereby parallel to the mine wall on that side thereoffacing the mine Wall, and means for operating said dislodging mechanismto remove material from the mine wall for delivery to a conveyorextending along said frame on that side thereof remote from the mineWall.

5. In a mining machine, the combination with a narrow rectangularupright supporting frame having a free and unobstructed space backthereof for the passage of dislodged material parallel to the mine walland adapted to extend along a mine Wall in a plane substantiallyperpendicular to theloor and roof of the mine chamber spaced back fromthe face of the mine wall, of dislodging mechanism mounted on said framefor support thereby to extend therefrom to the mine wall in a directiontransversely of such frame, and means for operating said dislodgingmechanism to remove material from the mine wall for delivery baclr fromthe mine wa ll througl'i such plane to that side of said frame which isremote from the mine wall.

In a mining machine, the combination with a comparatively narrow uprightframe having an unobstructed core opening therethrough, of means forsupporting said frame for movement in the direction of the llO neecesupright lateral faces thereof, severing mechanism carried by said frameto extend from one of the lateral faces of said narrow upright frame,and means for operating said severing mechanism including feedingmovement thereof transversely relatively to an upright plane andextending through said narrow frame to cut a core in position to moverearwardly transversely through the said unobstructed core opening.

7. ln a mining machine, the combination with a narrow rectangularupright open su porting frame movable in the direction of the lateralfaces thereof, of severing mechanism carried by said frame at one of thelateral faces thereof for operation transversely of said lateral facesin planes extending substantially at right angles to an upright planeextending through said supporting frame, and means for transferringmaterial dislodged by said severing mechanism through said frame andfrom the opposite lateral face thereof.

8. In a mining machine, the combination with a narrow uprightrectangular open supporting frame adapted for movement in the directionof the lateral faces thereof, of means for securing said frame in fixeupright position, severing mechanism carried wholly by said supportingframe to extend from one of the lateral faces thereof and in position tooperate transversely of an upright plane extending through said framefrom one end to the other thereof, and means for operating said severingmechanism 11icluding feeding movement thereof in planes extendingtransversely of the longitudinal upright plane of said supporting frame.

9. 1n a mi ing machine, the combination with an upright narrow frameadapted to be located in a mine chamber between the floor and roofthereof in an upright plane extending along a mine wall and spacedtherefrom, the space'back of said frame being free and unobstructed forthe passage of material parallel to the mine wall, of a plurality ofrollers in such plane for supporting said frame for movement in thedirection of the lateral faces of said frame while remainingsubstantially in said plane, dislodging mechanism mounted on said framefor support thereby to extend toward the mine wall transversely of suchplane and from the lateral face of said frame adjacent the mine wall,and means for securing said frame in fixed upright position in suchplane during the operation of said dislodging mechanism.

l0. In a mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame havingspacedapart uprights connected at their top and bottom horizontally toform an open rec tangular structure narrow between the front and rearfaces thereof in a direction extending transversely of the mine wall, of

core cut-ting mechanism having an unobstructed core opening therethroughand mounted on the front face of said structure, means for ope 1atingsaid core cutting mechanism to'dislodge a core of material from a minewall in advance of the front face of said structure, and means formoving such core material from the mine wall through the opening in saidrectangular structure to a free and unobstructed space back of saidstructure and adjacent the rear face of said frame.

l1. In a mining machine, the combination with a supporting framecomparatively narrow between front and rear faces thereof in a directionextending transversely of the mine wall, of cutting mechanism mounted onsaid frame to extend toward the mine wall from the front face of saidframe, means for operating said cutting mechanism including swingingfeeding movement thereof on a horizontal axis substantially parallel tothe front and rear faces of said frame, and means for adjusting theelevation of said axis of swing of said cutting mechanism to vary thecutting stroke of said cutting mechanism on that side of said framefacing the mine wall.

l2. In a mining machine, the combination with a substantiallyrectangular frame comparatively narrow in a direction extendingvtransversely back from the mine wall, said frame having a free andunobstructed space back of the same extending parallel thereto and beingadapted to be located in a mine chamber in a plane extending along theface of the mine wall and spaced therefrom, of cutting mechanismsupported by said frame on that side thereof adjacent the mine wall forfeeding movement about a substantially horizontal axis parallel to suchupright plane, and means for operating said cutting mechanism includingfeed thereof on such horizontal axis through an arc extendingintermediate the floor and roof of the mine chamber. I

13. In a mining machine,the combination with a supporting framecomparatively narrow in a direction extending transversely back from themine wall, of brackets extending from that side of said frame facing themine wall, said brackets extending transversely of said frame toward theupright mine wall, and cutting apparatus supported entirely by saidbrackets for arcuate feeding movement relatively to said frame on ageneral horizontal axis substantially parallel to an upright planeextending longitudinally through said supporting frame.

lll. ln a mining machine, the combination with a supporting framecomparatively narrow in a direction extending transversely back from themine wall, of upright supports at the ends of said frame, bracketsmounted on said frame to extend from one side thereof toward an uprightmine Wall, mechanism for adjusting the elevation of said brackets onsaid supporting frame, core cutting mechanism having an unobstructedcoro opening therethrough and mounted on said brackets for sole supportthereby; said core cutting mechanism being adjustable in elevationtogether with said brackets, and means :tor operating said core cuttingmechanism including feeding movement thereof along arcuate lines inplanes substantially perpendicular to an uprightplane extendinglongitudinally through said supporting frame.

l5. ln a mining machine, the combination with an upright supportingframe adapted to be located in an upright plane extending along a mineWall. and spaced therefrom, said frame having its narrowest dimension ina direction extending back from the mine Wall transversely ot such planeto afford a :tree and unobstructed space back of said frame for thepassage of dislodged material parallel to the mine Wall7 of bracketscarried by said trame to extend from that side thereof facing the mineWall, cutting mechanism mounted on said brackets for ieeding movementabout a substantiallyT horizontal axis parallel with one of the lateralfaces of said frame and intermediate the mine Wall and said frame, andmeans for operating said cutting mechanism in upright planessubstantially perpendicular to the longitudinal plane of said frame inadvance of said free and unobstructed space.

16. A mining machine, comprising an upright iframe; brackets carried bysaid frame for Vertical adjustment thereon; a core cutter carried bysaid brackets for rotation about a horizontal axis; and means forshitting said cutter relative to said axis of rotation.

17. A mining machine, comprising an upright frame; a core cutter carriedby said frame for rotation about a horizontal axis; means for adjustingsaid axis of rotation on .said trame; and means for shifting said cutterrelative to said axis of rotation.

1S. A mining machine, comprising an upright iframe; a loop core cuttercarried by said frame for rota-tion about a horizontal axis; means foradjusting the axis of rotationof said cutter relative to said frame; andmeans for varying the radial length of said cutter relative to said axisof rotation.

if). A mining machine; comprising a supporting frame; hollow axlecarried by said trame for rotation aboutahorizontal axis: a loop corecutter carried by said axle; means for adjusting said axis of rotationvertically relative to said frame; and means 'for shifting said axle andcutter rela-tive to said axis et rotation.

ln a mining machine` a supporting frame-Work; 'brackets carried by saidtrame- Lacasse Work for vertical adjustment thereon; supporting membersjournaled in said brackets for rotation about a horizontal axis; ahollow axle carried by said supporting members for rotation therewithabout said horizontal axis; a loop coro cutter carried by said hollonvaxle; and means for adjusting said axle and cutter relative to saidhorizoiuial axis of rotation to vary the cil-ectn'c radius ot said coreloop cutter.

2l.. ln a mining machine, an upright traine-wrak; brackets carried bysaid 'lramcn'orl; for. vertical adjustment thereon; suiporting membersjournaled in said said brackets ttor rotation about a horizontal axis; ahollow axle carried by said supporting members; a loop cutter carried bysaid hollow,v axle; means mounted in said axle :tor operating' saidcutter; and means for adjusting said axle and cutter relative to the.axis of rotation of said supporting members to vary the effective radiusolf said loop cutn ter.

ln a mining` machine; a cutter head comprising an axe; a loop cuttercarried by said axle; a support for said axle; and means for onnertingsaid axle to said support for `vertical adjustment relative thereto tovary the ciliective radius of said loop cutter while the latter issupported bythe floor ot the mine chamber.

ln a mining machine, the combina tion with a supporting frame; oi anaxle7 supporting discs tor opposite ends ot said axle journalled in saidsupporting frame for rotation about a common axis, cutting -mechanismmounted on said axle and coinprism?` a cutter frame, and adjusting`connections between said axle and said cutting .trame for varying theeilectiye radius said cutting mechanism rel ative. to said axis.

24. ln a mining machine, a cutter head comprising an axle; spaced-apartsupporting discs for opposite ends of sait axle journaled for rotationabout a common axis; sliding connections between said axle andl saiddiscs; and means `for adjusting said axle on said sliding connectionsrelative to the axis of rotation of said discs.

25. In a mining machine, a cutter head comprising an axle, cuttingmechanism carried by said axle; supporting' discs for the ends of saidaxle journaled for rotation about a common sliding connection betweensaid axle and said discs; and means for moving said axle on saidslidingI connection to vary the effective radius of said cuttinajmechanism as it rotates about the axis of rotation of said discs.

26. ln a mining machine, the combination "ith a horizontal axle` oicutting n'ioclianism carried by said axle to rotate bodily therewith aframe having spaced-apart bearings, spaced-apart supports for the ends'of said axle; said spaced-apart supports bellO discs journaled inV saidbrackets for team ing journaled in said bearings for rotation about ahorizontal axis, means for vertically adjusting said spaced-apartbearings to etfect vertical adjustment of said horizontal axis, slidingConnections between said supports and said axle, and rack and pinionmechanism foil adjusting said axle and said cutting mechanism relativeto said supports and Arelative to said horizontal anis to vary theeffective radius of feeding movement of said cutting mechanism aboutsaid horizontal aXis.

2T. In a mining machine, a cutter head comprising a hollow axle;support-s for the ends of said axle journaled for rotation about ahorizontal axis', sliding connection between said supports and the endsof said axle; racks carried by said supports; a shaft carried by saidaxle and pinions secured to said shaftfor adjusting said axle or slidingconnection relative to said supports.

28. In a mining machine, a cutter head comprising a horizontal axle;supports for the ends of said axle journaled for rotation about a commonaxis; sliding connection hetween said supper and the ends of said axle;raclrs carried by said supports; a shaft carried by said axle andextending longitudinally thereof; pinions Carried by said shaft andmeshing with said racks; and worm gearing for rotating said shaft toiove said axle on said sliding connection relative to said supports. Y

29. ln a mining machine, acutter head comprising a horizontal hollowaxle; supports for the ends of said axle journaled for rotation about ahorizontal airis; raclr and pinion mechanism for adjusting sai axlerelative to said supports; worm gearing for operating said raclr andpinion mechanism; and means for adjusting the axis of rotation of saidsupports.

'30. A mining machine, comprising a frame; brackets secured to saidframe for vertical adjustment thereon; supporting rotation about ahorizontal axis; slideways carried by said discs; a hollow axle havingits ends supported by said slideways; a loop cutter carried by saidhollow axle; raclr and pinion mechanism carried by said axle foradjusting said axle and said loop cutter on said slidewafys to vary the.effective radius of said cutter; and means for operating said rack andpinion mechanism and for holding said axle in adjusted position.

3l. In a mining machine, the combination with an upright fiat framecomparatively narrow in a direction extending transversely back from anupright mine wall to aord a freeand unobstructed space back of the samefor the passage of dislodged material parallel to .the mine wall, saidframe being adapted to be moved .ingr .and through new positions alongthe successively into face of the mine wall, of cutting mechanismcarried byv said frame on that sidel thereof facing the upright minewall, and means for operating said cutting mechanism transversely of theupright longitudinal plane extending through said frame in advance ofsaid free and unobstructed space, to remove from the mine wall acontinuous section of material along the mine wall.

S2. ln a mining machine,` the combination with 'a portable supportingframe movable along a mine wall approximately Vparallel thereto andspaced therefrom, said frame being comparatively narrow in a d1- rectionback from the face of the mineV wall transversely7 of said frame to aorda free andunobstructed space back of said frame for the passage ofdislodged material parallel tothe mine wall,` of mechanism mounted onsaid frame for engaging the roof offa mine chamber to hold said frame inanchored position, said anchoring mechanism being located in an uprightplane extending through said frame and the path of move-ment of thelatter, cutting mechanism carried by said frame and eX- tending towardthe mine wall from that side of said frame facing the mine wall, andmea-ns for operating said cutting mechanism including feed thereof inplanes extending transversely of saidframe.

In` aV mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame havingand rear upright faces a comparatively short distance apart, of meansfor moving said frame along the face of a mine wall in a. directionparallel with said faces, a loop chain core cutter having anunobstructed core opening therethrough and mounted on the front face of.said frame for arcuate feeding movement about a horizontal anis parallelwith the direction of movement of said frame, core cutter includingfeeding movement on such horizontal agis to sever a core of maiterial inadvance of the front face of said frame and iii-position to cause thecut core toV extend through such unobstructed openan opening in saidsupporti-ng frame for A passage to an unobstructed. space back of therear face of said frame and adjacent to said rear face. V34:. l'jn amining machine, the combina-- tion with a narrow upright supportingframe having a free and unobstructed space backy of the same for thepassage o dislodged material parallel to the mine wa of means for movingsaid frame in the direction of the lateral faces thereof parallel to themine wallpa. corevcutter unobstructed core opening therethrough andAsupported at that side of said frame facing theA mine wall, said corecutter being sup-V ported on said frame for arcuate movement front iccllO

having an isc i uprights to connect the same, an additional cross-barconnecting said uprights and slidable up and doivn on the same, cuttingmechanism carried by said additional crossbar 'or swinging movement on ahorizontal axis, and means connecting said fixed and movable cross-barsfor adjusting said movable bar and said cutting mechanism in elevationrelatively to said frame to vary the position of said axis.

414. ln a mining machine,- a frame', spaced uprights on said framehaving an unobstructed core-opening between the same; a fixed barconnecting the upper ends of said uprights; a movable bar having itsopposite ends slidably mounted on said uprights; a core cutter carriedby said movable bar; and aY threaded rod connecting said fixed andmovable bars for adjusting said movable bar on said uprights.

45. ln a mining machine, the combination With a frame comparativelynarrow in a direction extending transversely7 of the mine ivall, ofspaced-apart uprights carried by said frame, a shelf fixed to saiduprights, a motor mounted on said shelf, severing mechanism supported bysaid frame, means for driving said severing mechanism, means op eratedby said motor for feeding said severing mechanism along lines in planesperpendicular to the upright longitudinal plane of said frame.l andmeans Vfor transferring the dislodged material to la space back of saidframe adjacent its upright longitudinal plane for passage along a mineWall bacl-r of said plane and adjacent thereto.

46. ln a mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame havingspace apart uprights, of a shelf connecting said nprights, cuttingmechanism mounted on said frame for operation on an upright Walladjacent said frame, said cutting mechanism comprising a rotarycutter-head supported on. said uprights for arcuate feeding movement ona. horizontal axis, a sheave secured to said cutter-head, arope drumcarried by said uprights, a cable eonnectingsaid-drum and said sheave,and a motor mounted said shelf to drive said drum and Wind said cablethereon to rotate said cutter-head onk such horizontal axis and therebyeffect swinging feedingmovementof said cutting mechanism during theactuation thereof.

E? la combina-tion. narrow upright rectangular mining machine-frame:loop cutter carried at one side of said frame; an

elongated drum mounted on the lower p ortion of said frame; `and endsecured to said loop cutter and the other end secured to said drum. andarranged to receive the material severed by said cutter.

48. ln combination, a narrow upright reetangular mining machine frame;ay loop cutter mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis at one sideof said frame; an elongated a sling having one drum mounted near thebase of said'frame and having its axis` parallel with the axis of saidloop cutter; and a sling having one end secured to said loop cutter andthe other endr secured to said drum and arranged to be drawn by saidcutter into1 the lrerf formed thereby during the severing operation ofsaid cutter and to be Wound on said drum to transfer the material fromits severed position after the severing operation.

e9. In combination, a narrow upright rectangular frame; a cutterheadvmounted for rotation about a horizontal axis at one side of saidframe and having a loop cutter secured thereto; a drum mounted forrotation near the base of said frame and having its axis of rotationparallel with the axis of ro-- tation of said cutter head; and a slinghaving its opposite ends secured to said loop cutter and drumrespectively and arrange to be Wound on said drum to transfer thematerial severed by said cutter from its native position in the mineWall through said frame yto a position on'the side thereof opposite saidcutter head.

50. ln a mining machine, the combina tionwvith an upright supportingframe comparatively narrow in a direction extending transversely of themine Wall to afford a free and unobstructed space at the rear oi Saidframe adjacent the longitudinal upright plane thereof for the passage ofmaterial along such space approximately parallel to the mine Wall, ofcut-ting apparatus carried atthat side of said frame facing the mineWall, means for operating said cutting mechanism, including feedingmovement thereof along tending transversely of the longitudinal plane ofsaid frame, and guard mechanism supported by said frame for preventingthe disconnected material from falling onto arts of said operatingmeans.

5l. ln a system of mining, the combina tion of a mining machine having asupporting frame With its narrovvest dimension extending transverselyback from the mine Wall, said frame being adapted to be located in themine chamber to ext-end along the mine Wall in a plane spaced back fromthe mine Wall and parallel thereto, cutting mechanism mounted on thatside of the frame Which. facesthe mine Wall, and conveyer mechanismlocated vat the opposite side of said `frame substantially parallel tosaid plane andparallel to said mine ivall, said mining machinecomprising means for transferring the severed material onto saidconveying mechanism;

52. ln a system of mining, the combination With a narronT uprightsupporting frame adapted to be located in a mine chamber with itslateral faces extending along a mine wall and spaced back a shortdistance therefrom to adord a free and unlines in planes eX- d sa ine

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